Overview

  • Founded Date november 10, 1949
  • Sectors Automotive
  • Posted Jobs 0
  • Viewed 7

Company Description

Baidu World Technology Conference (Press Release).

Baidu, Inc. (/ ˈbaɪduː/ BY-doo; Chinese: 百度; pinyin: Bǎidù; lit. ’hundred times’) is a Chinese international innovation company specializing in Internet services and artificial intelligence. It holds a dominant position in China’s online search engine market (through Baidu Search), and offers a variety of other web services such as Baidu App (Baidu’s flagship app for search and newsfeed), Baidu Baike (an online encyclopedia), iQIYI (a video streaming service), and Baidu Tieba (a keyword-based conversation forum).

Besides its core web search organization, Baidu has diversified into several high-growth areas. The company is a leading player in autonomous driving (Baidu Apollo), [3] and smart customer electronics (Xiaodu). [4] With over a decade of financial investment in synthetic intelligence, Baidu is among the couple of tech companies globally to provide a full-stack AI stack, including software, chips, cloud infrastructure, foundation designs, and applications. [5]

The holding business of the group is integrated in the Cayman Islands. [2] Baidu was included in January 2000 by Robin Li and Eric Xu. Baidu has origins in RankDex, an earlier online search engine established by Robin Li in 1996, before he founded Baidu in 2000. [6] The company is headquartered in Beijing’s Haidian District. [7]

In December 2007, Baidu became the very first Chinese company to be consisted of in the NASDAQ-100 index. [8] Since May 2018, Baidu’s market cap increased to US$ 99 billion. [9] [10] [11] In October 2018, Baidu ended up being the very first Chinese firm to join the United States-based computer principles consortium Partnership on AI. [12] During the 2020s, Baidu has progressively focused on generative AI related items. [13]

The Chinese federal government views Baidu as one of its national champ corporations. [14]:156 -157

Early advancement

In 1994, Robin Li (Pinyin: Li Yanhong, Chinese: 李彦宏) joined IDD Information Services, a New Jersey department of Dow Jones and Company, where he assisted establish software application for the online edition of The Wall Street Journal. [15] He also worked on establishing better algorithms for search engines and remained at IDD Information Services from May 1994 to June 1997.

In 1996, while at IDD, Li established the RankDex site-scoring algorithm for online search engine results page ranking [6] [16] [17] and got an US patent for the innovation. [18] Launched in 1996, [6] RankDex was the very first search engine that used hyperlinks to determine the quality of sites it was indexing. [19] Li described his search system as ”link analysis,” which included ranking the popularity of a web site based on how many other sites had actually linked to it. [20] It predated the comparable PageRank algorithm utilized by Google 2 years later in 1998; [21] Google creator Larry Page referenced Li’s work as a citation in a few of his U.S. patents for PageRank. [6] [21] [22] Li later on utilized his RankDex technology for the Baidu online search engine.

Baidu was integrated on 18 January 2000 by and Eric Xu. [7] In 2001, Baidu allowed advertisers to bid for ad space then pay Baidu each time a consumer clicked on an advertisement, preceding Google’s technique to marketing. [20] In 2003, Baidu released a news online search engine and picture search engine, embracing a special identification technology capable of identifying and organizing the posts. [23]

2005: Public Listing on NASDAQ

Baidu went public on Wall Street through a variable interest entity (VIE) based in the Cayman Islands on 5 August 2005. [24]

In 2007, Chinese government and Chinese industry sources mentioned that Baidu received a license from Beijing, which allows the search engine to end up being a full-fledged news website. Thus Baidu has the ability to provide its own reports, besides showing specific results as an online search engine. Baidu was the first Chinese online search engine to get such a license. [25]

Baidu started its Japanese language search service, run by Baidu Japan, the business’s first routine service outside of China in 2008. [26] The Japanese online search engine closed on 16 March 2015. [27]

On 31 July 2012, Baidu announced that it would coordinate with Sina to supply mobile search engine result. [28]

On 18 November 2012, Baidu revealed that it would be partnering with Qualcomm to offer free cloud storage to Android users with Snapdragon processors. [29]

On 2 August 2013, Baidu launched its Personal Assistant app, designed to help CEOs, supervisors and the white-collar employees manage their organization relationships. [30]

On 16 May 2014, Baidu designated Dr. Andrew Ng as chief researcher. Dr. Ng will lead Baidu Research in Silicon Valley and Beijing. [31]

On 18 July 2014, the business introduced a Brazilian variation of the search engine, Baidu Busca. [32]

On 9 October 2014, Baidu announced acquisition of Brazilian local e-commerce website Peixe Urbano. [33]

2017: Launch of Autonomous Driving Business

In April 2017, Baidu announced the launch of its Apollo job (Apolong), a self-driving lorry platform, in a quote to help drive the advancement of self-governing vehicles including vehicle platform, hardware platform, open-source software application platform and cloud data services. [34] Baidu plans to release this project in July 2017, before slowly introducing completely self-governing driving capabilities on highways and open city roads by 2020. [35] In September 2017, Baidu released a $1.5 billion self-governing driving fund to buy as many as 100 autonomous driving projects over the taking place three years. [36] At the same time, Apollo open-source software version 1.5 was likewise released. [37]

In June 2017, Baidu partnered with Continental and Bosch, vehicle industry suppliers, on automated driving and linked vehicles. [38]

In July 2017, Baidu GBU participated in a partnership with Snap Inc. to act as the business’s official ad reseller for Snapchat in Greater China, South Korea, Japan and Singapore. [39] The collaboration was extended in 2019. [40]

In September 2017, Baidu rolled out a new portable talking translator that can listen and speak in a number of different languages. Smaller than a typical smart device, the 140-gram translation device can likewise be utilized as a portable Wi-Fi router and is able to operate on networks in 80 nations. It is still under development. Baidu will likewise be placing synthetic intelligence (AI) technology into mobile phones, through its deep learning platform. [41] [42] At the very same period, it has actually likewise led a joint financial investment of US$ 12billion with Alibaba Group, Tencent, JD.com and Didi Chuxing, obtaining 35% of China Unicom’s stakes. [43] [44] [45]

In October 2017, according to The Wall Street Journal, Baidu would introduce self-driving buses in China in 2018. [46] [47] In the very same month, Baidu revealed that its very first yearly Baidu World innovation conference (Bring AI to Life) would be held and live-streamed on 16 November 2017, at China World Summit Wing and Kerry Hotel, bringing together Baidu executives, workers, partners, designers, and media to discuss the company’s objective and strategy, innovation developments, brand-new item advancements, and its open artificial-intelligence (AI) community. [48]

China’s government designated Baidu as one of its ”AI champions” in 2018. [49]:281

In 2018, Baidu divested the ”Global DU service” portion of its abroad service, which established a series of energy apps consisting of ES File Explorer, DU Caller, Mobojoy, Photo Wonder and DU Recorder, and so on. [50] This business now operates separately of Baidu under the name DO Global. [51]

2021: Hong Kong Secondary Listing

In March 2021, Baidu secured a secondary listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, raising $3.1 billion. This marked the largest homecoming for a U.S.-traded Chinese company in Hong Kong since JD.com’s listing the previous June.

In August 2021 Baidu exposed a new Robocar principle stated to be capable of Level 5 autonomous driving. [52] It likewise includes the most recent second-generation AI chip that can analyse the internal and external environments to offer predictive suggestions to proactively serve the needs of passengers.

In June 2022, Jidu Auto, an intelligent electric lorry company originally backed by Baidu and Geely revealed its first idea ROBO-01 in the type of a pre-production lorry. The ROBO-01 trips on the Sustainable Experience Architecture (SEA) platform, a modular electrical automobile platform developed by Geely Holding. [53]

In August 2023, Baidu revealed its ChatGPT-equivalent language model Ernie Bot publicly. [54] In October 2023, Baidu released a more recent version Ernie 4.0 chatbot. [55]

As of April 2024, Apollo Go, Baidu’s self-governing ride-hailing service, had actually finished 6 million trips using driverless robotaxis across 11 cities. The service runs a fleet of over 400 driverless lorries in Wuhan. [56]

Domain name redirection attack

On 12 January 2010, Baidu.com’s DNS records in the United States were modified such that internet browsers to baidu.com were rerouted to a website professing to be the Iranian Cyber Army, believed to lag the attack on Twitter throughout the 2009 Iranian election protests, making the correct website unusable for 4 hours. [57] Internet users were fulfilled with a page stating ”This website has been assaulted by Iranian Cyber Army”. [58] Chinese hackers later on responded by attacking Iranian sites and leaving messages. [59] Baidu later launched legal action versus Register.com for gross negligence after it was exposed that Register.com’s technical support personnel changed the email address for Baidu.com on the demand of an unnamed individual, in spite of stopping working security verification treatments. Once the address had been changed, the individual had the ability to utilize the forgotten password feature to have Baidu’s domain passwords sent out straight to them, allowing them to achieve the domain hijacking. [60] [61] The lawsuit was settled out of court under undisclosed terms after Register.com provided an apology. [62]

Baidu employees jailed

On 6 August 2012, the BBC reported that three employees of Baidu were jailed on suspicion that they accepted allurements. The allurements were apparently spent for erasing posts from the online forum service. Four people were fired in connection with these arrests. [63]

91 Wireless acquisition

On 16 July 2013, Baidu revealed its intent to acquire 91 Wireless from NetDragon. 91 Wireless is best known for its app store, but it has been reported that the app shop faces personal privacy and other legal issues. [64] On 14 August 2013, Baidu revealed that its wholly owned subsidiary Baidu (Hong Kong) Limited has actually signed a definitive merger arrangement to acquire 91 Wireless Web-soft Limited from NetDragon Web-soft Inc. [65] for$1.85 billion in what was reported to be the greatest deal ever in China’s IT sector. [66]

Name

The name Baidu (百度) literally implies ”a hundred times”, or alternatively, ”countless times”. It is a quote from the last line of Xin Qiji’s (辛弃疾) classical poem ”Green Jade Table in The Lantern Festival” (青玉案 · 元夕) stating: ”Having browsed numerous times in the crowd, unexpectedly reversing, she exists in the dimmest candlelight.” (众里寻他千百度, 蓦然回首, 那人却在灯火阑珊处 。) [67] [68]

Services

Qunar (Qunar Cayman Islands Limited), travel-booking service managed by Baidu. Since 2013, Qunar had 31.4 million active users and raised $167 Million at its going public that year. [69] It is listed at NASDAQ. [70]
Advertisements

Baidu’s primary advertising item is called Baidu Tuiguang and is similar to Google Ads and AdSense. It is a pay per click marketing platform that enables marketers to have their ads shown in Baidu search engine result pages and on other sites that belong to Baidu Union. However, Baidu’s search outcomes are likewise based upon payments by marketers. This has prompted criticism and uncertainty amongst Chinese users, with People’s Daily commenting in 2018 on problems regarding dependability of Baidu outcomes. Often as many as the first 2 pages of search results page tend to be paid advertisers. [71]

Baidu offers its marketing items through a network of resellers. [72] Baidu’s web administrative tools are all in Chinese, making it challenging for non-Chinese speakers to utilize. In 2012, a third-party business developed a tool with a user interface in English for marketing on Baidu. [73] [74] Advertisers on Baidu need to have a registered company address either in China or in defined East Asian nations. [75]

Competition

Baidu [76] takes on Sogou, Google Search, 360 Search (www.so.com), Yahoo! China, Microsoft’s Bing and MSN Messenger, Sina, NetEase’s Youdao and PaiPai, Alibaba’s Taobao, TOM Online, DuckDuckGo, and EachNet.

Baidu is the most used online search engine in China, managing 76.05 percent of China’s market share. The number of Internet users in China had reached 705 million by the end of 2015, according to a report by the internetlivestats.com. [77]

In an August 2010 Wall Street Journal article, [78] Baidu soft-pedaled its benefit from Google’s having actually moved its China search service to Hong Kong, but Baidu’s share of earnings in China’s search-advertising market grew 6 portion points in the 2nd quarter to 70%, according to Beijing-based research study firm Analysys International.

It is likewise evident that Baidu is trying to enter the Internet social media market. As of 2011 [upgrade], it is discussing the possibility of working with Facebook, which would lead to a Chinese variation of the worldwide social media network, handled by Baidu. [79] This strategy, if performed, would deal with off Baidu with competition from the 3 popular Chinese social media networks Qzone, Renren [80] and Kaixin001 [81] as well as cause rivalry with instant-messaging giant, Tencent QQ. [82]

On 22 February 2012, Hudong sent a problem to the State Administration for Industry and Commerce requesting for an evaluation of the habits of Baidu, implicating it of being monopolistic. [83]

By August 2014, Baidu’s search market share in China dropped to 56.3%, where Qihoo 360, its closest competitor who has actually rebranded its search engine as so.com, has increased its market share to 29.0%, according to report from CNZZ.com. [84]

In February 2015, Baidu was declared to have utilized anticompetitive methods in Brazil versus the Brazilian online security company PSafe and Qihoo 360 (the largest financier of PSafe). [85] [86]

In a continuous competition in AI natural language processing called General Language Understanding Evaluation, otherwise referred to as GLUE, Baidu took a lead over Microsoft and Google in December 2019. [87]

Research and patents

Baidu has actually begun to purchase deep learning research study and is incorporating brand-new deep knowing innovation into a few of its apps and items, consisting of Phoenix Nest. Phoenix Nest is Baidu’s ad-bidding platform. [88]

In April 2012 Baidu JDC long live obtained a patent for its ”DNA copyright recognition” technology. This innovation immediately scans files that are published by Internet users, and recognizes and removes content that may violate copyright law. This allows Baidu to use an infringement-free platform. [89] [90]

In April 2022, Baidu revealed they gained permits from China to provide the very first driverless taxis. The business goal to provide driverless ride-hailing services to the public and have 10 self-governing vehicles set to start offering trips to passengers within a 23-square-mile location in suburban start starting 28 April 2022. [91]

In July 2022, Baidu unveiled the Apollo RT6, a driverless automobile that is planned to join Baidu’s driverless fleet in 2023. [92]

According to the China Digital Times, Baidu has a long history of being the most active and restrictive online censor in the search arena. Documents dripped in April 2009 from a staff member in Baidu’s internal tracking and censorship department reveal a long list of obstructed sites and censored subjects on Baidu search. [93]

In May 2011, activists sued Baidu in the United States for breaching the U.S. Constitution by the censorship it performs in accord with the demand of the Chinese government. [94] A U.S. judge has ruled [95] that the Chinese search engine Baidu has the right to block works from its question results under liberty of speech rights, dismissing a lawsuit that sought to punish the business. [96] [97]

In 2017, Baidu began coordinating with the Chinese Ministry of Public Security along with 372 Internet authorities departments to identify details related to ”anti-government reports” and then flooding ”Baidu-linked website, news sites and devices with signals eliminating false information.” [98] This was done utilizing natural language processing, huge data and expert system. [98]

As part of the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese regulators advised Baidu, along with other Internet business, to ”perform unique guidance” on news and details associated to the disease. [99]

In November 2022, Sustainalytics downgraded Baidu to ”non-compliant” with the United Nations Global Compact concepts due to complicity with censorship. [100]

Controversies

Death of Wei Zexi

In 2016, Baidu’s P4P search results page apparently added to the death of a student who tried an experimental cancer therapy he found online. The 21-year-old university student was named Wèi Zéxī (魏则西), who studied in Xidian University. Wei was diagnosed with synovial sarcoma, an uncommon kind of cancer. He discovered the Second Hospital of the Beijing Armed Police Corps (武警北京市总队第二医院) through the online search engine Baidu, on which the hospital had been promoting itself. [101] The treatment showed not successful and Wèi passed away in April 2016. [101]

After Wei’s household spent around 200,000 yuan (around US$ 31,150) for treatment in the hospital, Wei Zexi died on 12 April 2016. The occurrence triggered massive online discussions after Wei’s death. [102] On 2 May 2016, Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), the leading guard dog for China’s Internet space, dispatched a group of detectives to Baidu. [103] The case is still ongoing. One report declared medical marketing offsets 30% of Baidu’s ad profits, much of which comes from for-profit hospitals that belong to the ”Putian Network”, a collection of health centers throughout the country established by medical entrepreneurs associated with the Putian area of Fujian province. [104] The investigation led Chinese regulators to enforce a number of restrictions on Baidu, including adding disclaimers to promotional material and developing channels for problems about Baidu services. [105] In addition, Baidu’s search function now mostly directs users to contents released on platforms under Baidu’s control, leading Chinese media scholar Fang Kecheng to declare that ”Online search engine Baidu is dead”. [106]

Commercialization of Tieba

Baidu offered the hemophilia online community, one of the communities of Tieba, to unqualified healthcare facilities. In January 2016, Baidu announced that it will stop selling all of its illness-related Tieba. [107] On 12 January, Baidu officially announced to the general public that all Baidu Tieba for all kinds of illness will totally stop industrial cooperation and will only be open to reliable public welfare companies. In response to Baidu’s decision, Lin Jinlong, president of the Hunan Medical and Health Industry Association, stated that personal hospitals have actually gone into a period of market change and upgrading, and are neither depending on publishing bar advertisements nor depending on competitive rankings anymore, so Baidu’s decision will not have a negative impact on the market. [108]

DO Global subsidiary ad-fraud in downloaded apps

On 20 April 2019, it was reported that a number of applications for Android devices established by the subsidiary company, DO Global (previously DU Group), were surreptitiously running income enhancing background programs on user gadgets given that at least 2016. [109] These programs, part of 6 recognized applications established by the company, and downloaded numerous millions times, were clicking on web advertisements – even when the gadgets were idle, and unbeknownst to end users, to increase earnings created by ”clicks”. [109] Just among the apps, all of which were readily available on Google Play Store, had actually been downloaded 50 million times alone and brought a user ranking of 4.5 stars by 10s of thousands. [109]

Google prohibited DO Global and more than 100 of its apps from the Google Play Store on 26 April 2019. [110] [111] DO Global was likewise prohibited from Google’s AdMob Network. [110] Apps from another designer, ES Global, consisting of the ES File Explorer, that were owned by DO Global were banned from the Play Store and the account was suspended. [112] [113] [114] [115] [116] [117] [118]

Block in India

In August 2020, following the 2020 China-India skirmishes, Baidu was among a number of Chinese websites that were prohibited or obstructed in India for nationwide security reasons. [119]

2024 head of interactions controversy

In May 2024, Baidu’s previous vice president and head of communications Qu Jing [zh] (Chinese: 璩静) sparked major backlashes across the Chinese social media for backing harmful work environment culture, where, according to a Douyin video, she has actually asked a coworker to be on a 50-day company journey during the COVID-19 pandemic. [120] The report has excited further conversations amongst Chinese netizens relating to Baidu’s corporate governance and internal culture. Qu honestly apologized after the occurrence and has actually apparently lost her job. Baidu’s stock price fell 2.17% in Hong Kong following the incident. [121] [122]

Panguso.
Tencent.
Sogou.
Alibaba.
Google.
Intellectual residential or commercial property in individuals’s Republic of China.
Software market in China.
Comparison of web search engines.
List of online search engine.
List of online search engine by appeal.

China.

Companies.

Internet.

Technology.

References

^ ”Baidu – Investors – Management”. Archived from the original on 6 June 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
^ a b c d e f g h ”Baidu 2023 Annual Report (Form 20-F)”. US Securities and Exchange Commission. 15 March 2024. Archived from the initial on 16 March 2024. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
^ ”China’s robotaxis are racing ahead of Tesla’s”. The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
^ Kharpal, Arjun (30 September 2020). ”Baidu’s voice assistant and clever device organization is valued at $2.9 billion after cash injection”. CNBC. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
^ Campbell, Charlie (30 May 2024). ”TIME100 Most Influential Companies 2024: Baidu”. TIME. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
^ a b c d ”About: RankDex” Archived 20 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine, rankdex.com.
^ a b Kenton, Will (6 June 2018). ”Baidu”. Investopedia. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
^ Chmielewski, Dawn C. (10 December 2007). ”Search site relocations at the speed of China”. Los Angeles Times. Archived from the initial on 22 January 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
^ ”Baidu uses rosy outlook after Google danger|IOL Business Report”. Archived from the initial on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
^ ”Baidu Market Cap (BIDU)”. ycharts.com. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
^ Cheng, Evelyn (7 August 2017). ”These Chinese tech stocks are even hotter than FANG”. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
^ Taylor, Chloe (17 October 2018). ”Baidu ends up being the first Chinese company to join US-led A.I. body”. CNBC. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
^ ”Baidu closes Wikipedia-like app as focus shifts to generative AI”. South China Morning Post. 24 April 2024. Archived from the initial on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
^ Curtis, Simon; Klaus, Ian (2024 ). The Belt and Road City: Geopolitics, Urbanization, and China’s Look for a New International Order. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. doi:10.2307/ jj.11589102. ISBN 9780300266900. JSTOR jj.11589102.
^ ”Robin Li’s vision powers Baidu’s Internet search supremacy”. Taipei Times. 17 September 2006. Archived from the original on 3 February 2011.
^ Greenberg, Andy, ”The Man Who’s Beating Google” Archived 19 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Forbes magazine, 5 October 2009.
^ Yanhong Li, ”Toward a Qualitative Online Search Engine,” IEEE Internet Computing, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 24-29, July/Aug. 1998, doi:10.1109/ 4236.707687.
^ USPTO, ”Hypertext Document Retrieval System and Method” Archived 5 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine, US Patent number: 5920859, Inventor: Yanhong Li, Filing date: 5 February 1997, Issue date: 6 July 1999.
^ ”Baidu Vs Google: The Twins Of Search Compared”. FourWeekMBA. 18 September 2018. Archived from the initial on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
^ a b ”The Rise of Baidu (That’s Chinese for Google)”. The New York City Times. 17 September 2006. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
^ a b Altucher, James (18 March 2011). ”10 Unusual Aspects Of Google (also: the worst VC choice I ever made)”. Forbes. Archived from the initial on 16 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
^ ”Method for node ranking in a linked database”. Google Patents. Archived from the initial on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
^ ”Baidu Launched News Online Search Engine and Pictures Online Search Engine”. Archived from the initial on 10 November 2013.
^ ”The Untold Story of the Baidu IPO”. Seeking Alpha. 23 August 2009. Archived from the initial on 24 October 2016. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
^ ”Google’s Lookalike is Expanding in China”. Gadget4boys.com. 23 January 2007. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2007.
^ ”China’s Baidu starts services in Japanese”. The Japan Times. 24 January 2008. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
^ ”After 8 years of stopping working, Baidu shuts Japan online search engine”. Tech IN Asia. 17 April 2015. Archived from the initial on 23 June 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
^ ”Sina and Baidu collaborate in China to concentrate on mobile”. BBC News. 31 July 2012. Archived from the initial on 23 February 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
^ ”Baidu and Qualcomm partner to provide complimentary cloud storage”. Geeks Hut. 19 November 2012. Archived from the initial on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
^ Baidu Launch Personal Assistant App for Android Phones Archived 18 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine, CHINA INTERNET WATCH, 6 August 2013.
^ ”Baidu Opens Silicon Valley Lab, Appoints Andrew Ng as Head of Baidu Research” (Press release). Baidu, Inc. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2017 – via PRNewswire.
^ Bischoff, Paul (18 July 2014). ”China web giant Baidu introduces search engine in Brazil”. Tech in Asia. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
^ ”China’s Baidu buys control of Brazil’s Peixe Urbano in growth push”. Reuters. 4 December 2014. Archived from the initial on 13 October 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
^ Russell, Jon (18 April 2017). ”Baidu is making its self-driving cars and truck platform freely readily available to the automotive market”. TechCrunch. Archived from the initial on 19 April 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
^ Sangameswaran S (19 April 2017). ”Baidu to launch self-driving vehicle technology in July”. Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 June 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
^ ”China’s Baidu introduces $1.5 billion self-governing driving fund”. Reuters. 21 September 2017. Archived from the initial on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
^ ”China’s Apollo Plan Explained”. EETimes. 21 June 2018. Archived from the original on 6 February 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
^ Etherington, Darrell (1 June 2017). ”Baidu teams up with Bosch and Continental on self-driving tech”. TechCrunch. Archived from the initial on 1 June 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
^ Flynn, Kerry (31 July 2019). ”How China’s Baidu deals with Snap, Pinterest and Reddit on advertisement sales”. Digiday. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
^ ”Snap turns to browse giant Baidu to court Chinese advertisers”. TechCrunch. 16 July 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
^ ”Baidu’s talking translator gives travelers a hand”. Nikkei Asian Review. Archived from the initial on 23 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
^ ”Baidu puts open-source deep learning into smart devices”. The Register. 26 September 2017. Archived from the initial on 26 September 2017. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
^ Russell, Jon (17 August 2017). ”Alibaba, Tencent, Didi and other tech firms put $12B into mobile operator China Unicom”. TechCrunch. Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
^ Zhu, Julie (21 July 2017). ”Exclusive: Baidu, JD.com to join others investing $12 billion in state-owned China Unicom – sources”. Reuters. Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
^ ”Unicom to Sell 35% of Shanghai Unit to 14 Investors”. Caixin Global. 16 August 2018. Archived from the initial on 16 August 2018.
^ Nicas, Jack (17 October 2017). ”Baidu intends to launch self-driving bus in China next year”. MarketWatch. Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
^ Nicas, Jack (18 October 2017). ”Baidu Plans Fully Self-Driving Bus in China Next Year”. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the initial on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
^ ”Baidu Announces the 2017 ”Baidu World” Technology Conference” (Press release). Baidu, Inc. 20 October 2017. Archived from the initial on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2017 – by means of GlobeNewswire.
^ Zhang, Angela Huyue (2024 ). High Wire: How China Regulates Big Tech and Governs Its Economy. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780197682258.
^ ”Baidu spins out its worldwide advertisement company to sharpen its focus on artificial intelligence”. TechCrunch. 22 May 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
^ ”Baidu english”. baiduenglish.com. Archived from the original on 5 August 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
^ Lye, Gerard (19 August 2021). ”Baidu unveils robocar principle capable of Level 5 autonomous driving and second-generation AI chip”. Paul Tan’s Automotive News. Shah Alam, Malaysia. Archived from the initial on 19 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
^ ”JIDU reveals first idea production robocar”. prnewswire.com. 8 June 2022. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2023 – via GlobeNewswire.
^ ”China’s Baidu makes AI chatbot Ernie Bot openly offered”. AP News. 31 August 2023. Archived from the initial on 31 August 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2013
^ ”Baidu Claims Its AI Tech Matches ChatGPT. Alibaba Has Some Catching Up to Do”. Barron’s. 16 July 2013. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
^ ”China’s robotaxis are racing ahead of Tesla’s”. The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
^ ”Baidu hacked by ’Iranian cyber army'”. BBC News. 12 January 2010. Archived from the initial on 13 January 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
^ ”China’s top online search engine Baidu hacked”. People’s Daily. 12 January 2010. Archived from the original on 15 January 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
^ Branigan, Tania (12 January 2010). ”’ Iranian’ hackers paralyse Chinese search engine Baidu”. The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
^ Back, Aaron. ”Baidu Sues Register.com, Alleges Negligence in Hacking Attack”. Archived from the original on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
^ ”Baidu: Registrar ’extremely’ changed our e-mail for hacker,” Computer World, February 24, 2010. Archived 27 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 13 December 2010.
^ ”Baidu and Register.com Announce Settlement of Litigation Over Cyber-Attack”. yahoo! financing. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
^ ”BBC News – Baidu employees jailed for ’erasing posts for money'”. Bbc.co.uk. 6 August 2012. Archived from the initial on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
^ Hsu, Alex (16 July 2013). ”91 Wireless’ App Store Has Piracy and Other Legal Issues”. BrightWire News. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
^ Baidu Signs Definitive Agreement to Acquire NetDragon’s Subsidiary 91 Wireless Archived 10 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Baidu Press Releases, 14 August 2013.
^ Paul Carsten (14 August 2013). ”Baidu says consents to purchase Netdragon’s 91 Wireless for $1.85 billion”. Reuters. Archived from the initial on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
^ ”The Baidu Story”. Baidu. Archived from the initial on 30 October 2006. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
^ ”Company Overview|Baidu Inc”. ir.baidu.com. Archived from the initial on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
^ Fox Hu and Belinda Cao. Published 2 November 2013. Baidu’s Qunar Rises After $167 Million IPO Exceeds Target Archived 9 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 25 September 2014
^ Qunar Cayman Islands Ltd Archived 9 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 25 September 2014
^ ”Baidu should stop using paid listings”. China Daily. 2 May 2018. Archived from the initial on 2 May 2018. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
^ Lawton, Tait (6 November 2012). ”Baidu Pay Per Click: 7 Tips for a Successful Campaign”. SearchEngineJournal.com. Archived from the initial on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
^ ”Glogou Launches New Tools To Help Businesses Build Their Online Presence (And Ad Campaigns) In China”. TechCrunch. 6 November 2012. Archived from the initial on 2 May 2018. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
^ 作者 : 清辰 (7 November 2012). ”不懂中文没关系 Glogou帮助外企进军中国_互联网_科技时代_新浪网”. Tech.sina.com.cn. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
^ ”Manage Baidu Ppc Registration”. 27 April 2012. Archived from the original on 15 April 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
^ Statistics on Baidu’s Annual Revenue Archived 24 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Baidu. March 2013.
^ ”China Internet Users”. Archived from the original on 30 April 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
^ Fletcher, Owen (3 August 2010). ”Baidu’s CEO Pursues Long-Term Growth”. The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the initial on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
^ 传百度与Facebook签合作协议 – Baidu signed a cooperation arrangement with Facebook Archived 23 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, ThinkingChinese Archived 26 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine, 14 April 2011
^ ”人人网 , 中国领先的实名制SNS社交网络 。 加入人人网 , 找到老同学 , 结识新朋友 。”. Archived from the initial on 7 November 2019. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
^ ”开心网”. www.kaixin001.com. Archived from the original on 16 March 2010. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
^ Baidu and QQ aren’t happy to remain outside the Chinese Social media market Archived 23 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, ThinkingChinese Archived 26 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine, April 2011
^ Yang, Yang (杨阳 Yáng Yáng). Translated by Guo Wei. ”China’s ”Wikipedia” Submits Complaint about Baidu Archived 16 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine.” () The Economic Observer. 4 March 2011. Issue 508, Corporation, Page 28. Retrieved on 26 October 2012. Original short article: ”百度 : 我是大哥 我不叫度娘 Archived January 16, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.” Febinframe.php Archive] ^ Research, China Stock (1 September 2014). ”China Online Search Engine Market Share – August 2014”. Archived from the original on 3 December 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
^ Ruvolo, Julie (March 2015). ”Brazil Becomes A New Front In The Battle Between Baidu And Qihoo”. Archived from the initial on 24 September 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
^ ”Baidu’s Alleged Anticompetitive Tactics in Brazil”. 14 April 2015. Archived from the initial on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
^ ”Baidu has a new technique for teaching AI the significance of language”. MIT Technology Review. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
^ Hsu, Alex (15 July 2013). ”Baidu Using Deep-Learning Technology to Boost Phoenix Nest Revenue”. BrightWire News. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
^ ”Marvel Contest of Champions Hack Tool”. hack4mobile.com. Archived from the initial on 18 February 2015.
^ ”Baidu Applies for DNA Copyright Recognition Technology Patent”. BrightWire. Archived from the initial on 19 June 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
^ ”China Grants First Driverless Taxi Permits to Baidu, Pony.ai”. U.S. News. 28 April 2022. Archived from the initial on 28 April 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
^ ”Baidu reveals brand-new self-driving taxi in China”. BBC News. 21 July 2022. Archived from the initial on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
^ Baidu’s Internal Monitoring and Censorship Document Leaked (1) Archived 14 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Xiao Qiang, China Digital Times, 30 April 2009
Baidu’s Internal Monitoring and Censorship Document Leaked (2) Archived 23 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
Baidu’s Internal Monitoring and Censorship Document Leaked (3) Archived 22 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
^ Jonathan Stempel, ”China, Baidu Sued In U.S. For Internet Censorship Archived May 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine”, Reuters, 19 May 2011.
^ ”Zhang et al v. Baidu.Com Inc. et al”. Archived from the original on 6 June 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
^ ”Can China’s Baidu online search engine censor lead to America? Sure, states a United States court”. The World from PRX. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
^ Kan, Michael (28 March 2014). ”US judge rules Baidu’s censorship is safeguarded as complimentary speech”. Network World. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
^ a b ”China’s Provinces at Forefront of Online Censorship Enforcement|Voice of America – English”. www.voanews.com. May 2020. Archived from the initial on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
^ ”Critics Say China Has Suppressed And Censored Information In Coronavirus Outbreak”. NPR.org. Archived from the initial on 9 April 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
^ ”Tencent, Baidu, Weibo downgraded by Morningstar ESG unit over censorship”. Reuters. 7 November 2022. Archived from the initial on 17 November 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
^ a b Huang, Zheping (2 May 2016). ”Baidu, China’s version of Google, is ”evil,” a growing number of users say”. Quartz. Archived from the initial on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
^ ”Commentary: Death of college trainee raises questions on Baidu’s ethics”. People’s Daily. 2016. Archived from the initial on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
^ ”China Focus: Investigation into Baidu after student death”. Xinhua News Agency. 2016. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
^ ”Baidu, China’s version of Google, is ’wicked,’ a growing number of users state”. Quartz. 2016. Archived from the original on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
^ ”China Orders Baidu to Revamp Advertising Results in Online Searches”. The Wall Street Journal. 10 May 2016. Archived from the initial on 23 June 2017. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
^ Huang, Echo (24 January 2019). ”An obituary for Baidu argues China’s vast web has no search engine”. Quartz. Archived from the initial on 5 October 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
^ Meng, Jing (12 January 2016). ”Baidu to halt commercialization of Tieba health online forums”. chinadaily.com.cn. Archived from the initial on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2019
^ 刘巍; 傅明. ”百度迷途 : 藏在财报里的卖贴吧真相” [Baidu Lost Its Way: The Fact of Selling Tieba Hidden in Financial Statements] www.time-weekly.com. Archived from the original on 29 November 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
^ a b c Google Play Store Ad Fraud DU Group [sic] at Baidu Archived 20 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine; Kothe, Ben; 20 April 2019; Article @ BuzzFeed News; text= Following a BuzzFeed News investigation, Google eliminated six apps from the Play shop that belonged to a major Chinese developer.; by-line date: 17 April 2019; by-line reporters: Silverman, Craig- & -Singer-Vine, Jeremy; Retrieved 20 April 2019.
^ a b Dellinger, AJ (26 April 2019). ”Google prohibits developer with half a billion app downloads from Play Store”. Engadget. Archived from the initial on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
^ ”Google Play Store Bans Baidu Subsidiary For Ad Fraud, Abuse of Permissions”. Beebom. 29 April 2019. Archived from the original on 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
^ Brett (30 April 2019). ”ES File Explorer Removed From Google Play Store”. Do It Yourself Tech Projects for Home & Small Company. Archived from the original on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
^ ”ES File Explorer Removed From Google Play Store”. 6 June 2024.
^ ”QuickPic is back on Google Play Store while ES File Explorer vanishes”. xda-developers. 29 April 2019. Archived from the initial on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
^ WIRED (29 April 2019). ”Monday rundown: England and Wales cops need phones from rape victims”. Wired UK. ISSN 1357-0978. Archived from the initial on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
^ McKay, Tom (28 April 2019). ”Google Is Giving the Boot to a Significant Play Store Developer With More Than 600 Million Installs”. Gizmodo. Archived from the initial on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
^ ”Exclusive: Google Is Banning A Play Store Developer With More Than Half A Billion App Installs”. BuzzFeed News. 26 April 2019. Archived from the initial on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
^ ”Popular Android Apps From A Major Chinese Developer Were Caught Committing Ad Fraud”. BuzzFeed News. 17 April 2019. Archived from the initial on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
^ Billman, Savannah (5 August 2020). ”India widens China app restriction to Baidu and Weibo”. TechNode. Archived from the initial on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
^ Gan, Nectar (9 May 2024). ”Chinese tech officer’s intense endorsement of hazardous work environment culture stimulates reaction – and costs her task|CNN Business”. CNN. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
^ Sheffield, Hazel (9 May 2024). ”Chinese PR boss states sorry after glorifying work-till-you-drop culture”. The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
^ Soo, Zen (9 May 2024). ”PR executive at Chinese tech firm Baidu excuses comments seen as glorifying overwork”. AP News. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
Further reading

– Lee, Melanie (19 January 2010). ”NEWSMAKER-Baidu founder rules China’s Web with pragmatism”. Reuters.
– Udeze, Chuka (26 March 2012). ”Baidu Search to be Integrated by Apple on iOS Devices”.
– Kohout, Martin (30 October 2014). ”Spyware Baidu to Sony Xperia smart devices”.